今天我们来讲一下阅读的单选题。单选题解题不难,但时间是个问题。
那么一道单选题目我们应该分配多少时间呢?答案是:最多2分钟。
试试看2分钟内下面这道题你能否做对吧!
单选题例题
By writing this article, the writer wants to show that:
A. Students generally show less motivation than they should.
B. Ways of increasing student motivation have been used well.
C. The effects of student motivation can be seen in positive results.
D. Some students use their motivation in ways that waste time.
解题思路
☑ 首先,需要读题。
读题非常关键,知道题目在问什么,我们才能有选择性地去判断自己该去读的内容。在这里,题目中问的是:the writer wants to show that… 这是一个典型的主旨题,问的是文章的主要大意。换言之在读取文章的内容时,我们需要快速地跳过一切解释,举例,分析之类的内容。我们只需要看最后的观点,所以细节的部分,能省则省了吧。
☑ 第二步,根据题目读文章。
Almost all students are motivated in oneway or another. One student may be keenly interested in classroomsubjects and purposely look for information and challenging coursework. Another student may be more concerned with the socialside of school, socialising with classmates frequently and attendingafter-school activities almost every day.Motivation is important in education because it hasseveral effects on students’ learning and behaviour. It encourages students to work towards a particulargoal, increases the amount of effort and energy the student invests, makesstudents more likely to begin and continue with activities, affects cognitiveprocesses and decides which consequences are rewarding or punishing. Because of these issues justidentified, motivation produces improved performance.
这里我们用红色标记了3个解释类的词语。稍微分析一下:one/another student 是典型地举例用法,目的是分析不同的学生的兴趣爱好;it encourages这句话是一个分析,指代词it将上一句话的内容进行展开并详细说明。这三句话在看到的时候都可以选择性地跳过,直接读下一句就好。
那么剩下的3句话呢?其实也并不是都要去读的。一般我们可以把句子中的程度修饰大量地简化,并且在因果句中,一般保留结论就好。所以剩下的内容就是:
– Almost all students are motivated in one way or another.
– Motivation is important in education because it has several effects on students’ learning and behaviour.
– Because of these issues just identified, motivation produces improved performance.
所以全文的主旨大致三条:
1. 每个学生都会有学习的动力(motivation)
2. 这个动力很重要(in education)
3. 动力使得我们做的更好(improved performance)
这里我们不难看出,这其实是一条很缜密地逻辑线,大致解释了动力对学业的作用(effect)。是一个正面的,褒义的论证。
☑ 最后,我们再对照选项。
A. Students generally show less motivation than they should.
这是一个明显的贬义句(less motivation),不符合原文的方向。
B. Ways of increasing student motivation have been used well.
这里提出的是ways,说的是具体的方法(solution)。不属于之前三句的内容。
C. The effects of student motivation can be seen in positive results.
Effects是核心判断。另外这句话中提到了positive results,也就相当于原文的improved performance,因此是正确答案。
D. Some students use their motivation in ways that waste time.
看到waste time的部分,就不难发现这依然是一个贬义的内容,不符合原文的方向。
Key Vocabulary
— 荀子《劝学篇》
☑ 65分基本词汇– consequence n. 后果;结果
– encourage vt. 鼓励;激励
– frequently adv. 频繁地
– goal n. 目标
– identified adj. 被识别的;经鉴定的
– be concerned with 参与;关心;涉及
– improved performance 更好的表现
– classroom behaviour 课堂上(遵守纪律,认真听讲之类)的行为
– attending after-school activities 参与课后的活动
– challenging coursework 有挑战(一定难度)的作业
☑ 79分进阶词汇
– motivation n. 动力;积极性
– cognitive adj. (心理学)认知的
– invest vt. 投入
– keenly adv.强烈地
– punishing adj. 惩罚的
– rewarding adj. 奖励的
– purposely adv. 有意识地
– socialising n. 社交,交际
*注意该词汇表中的解释仅对应这篇阅读中的文字。英语词汇有许多一词多义,千万不可以死记硬背。
写在最后
一味地逃避单选题,意味着将成绩很大程度上来说交给了概率和运气。对于想要争取79分的同学而言,并不适合放弃某一个题型这样的策略。
另外,经常放弃选择题的练习,本身也是对语言锻炼的一种疏忽。
掌握合理的解题思路,其实你也可以做到在短时间内找出正确的答案。PTE考试中,每一分都是有价值的。走的稳,才能走的更远。