【PTE词汇】口语，写作，日常生活都必备！Shopping words

cashier    收银员

英文释义：a person responsiblefor receiving payments for goods

e.g.Walmart,whose giant parking lots are famous for welcoming RV travelers, has hiredelderly people as store greeters and cashiers. – WashingtonPost (Sep 29, 2017)

commercial   商业的

英文释义：connected with orengaged in the exchange of goods

e.g.She’sarguably the most famous Kardashian Jenner, and if any of the siblings’ brandsare going to achieve commercialsuccess, it’s likely to behers. – Los Angeles Times (Nov 14, 2017)

Busy stores, full shopping bags, risingstock prices…these are all signs of commerce. Commerce is another word forbusiness. When plenty of people are spending money, there’s a lot of commerce.Commerce is the root of commercial, as in “Society has gotten toocommercial!” and “Did you see the latest Arby’s commercial?”

consumer    消费者

英文释义：a person who usesgoods or services

e.g.U.S.retail sales rose at a solid pace last month, as consumersbought more cars,furniture and clothes. – Washington Post (Nov 15, 2017)

consumerism    消费主义

英文释义：the theory thatincreasing use of goods is beneficial

e.g.Nowhereis the word’s meaninglessness more obvious than in consumerism.- The Guardian (Apr 19, 2016)

To consume is to eat, but when it comes toa capitalist society like ours, there’s another important meaning: to buy, buy,buy. Consumers consume goods by buying them, and companies spend huge budgetsadvertising their wares to get you to purchase their products. You could callcompanies, large and small, producers, which is the opposite of consumers.

covet    垂涎

英文释义：wish, long, or cravefor

e.g.Thisholiday season, shoppers won’t have to look far to find the year’s covetedtoys,as retailers and toy makers forge unlikely alliances to win over consumers. – SeattleTimes (Nov 4, 2017)

credit    信用

英文释义：an estimate of abilityto fulfill financial commitments

e.g.He saysthe scammers may sound credible but that law enforcement officials never askfor bank routing numbers or numbers of credit, debit or giftcar

ds. – Seattle Times (Nov 14, 2017)

debt    债务

英文释义：the state of owingsomething, especially money

e.g.It is notsurprising that a mere handful of people, plunging into debtat that reckless speed,found their credit suddenly shattered. – Queensland

greed    贪婪

英文释义：insatiable desire forwealth

e.g.He showedthe small Ferragamo handbag to jurors as he blamed the crime on greed. – Seattle Times (Nov 7, 2017)

marketing    市场营销

英文释义：the commercialprocesses in promoting and selling something

e.g.Itremains popular among American teenagers, perhaps the most highly coveted marketingdemographic in the world. – New York Times (Nov 15, 2017)

materialistic     物质至上

英文释义：marked by a desire forwealth and possessions

e.g.Thenewly-formed family’s third Christmas together, the Gunters decided to forgoanother materialisticholiday, and instead focus on spiritual growthfor the kids. – Washington Times (Aug 27, 2017)

mercenary     雇佣兵

英文释义：a person hired tofight for another country than their own

e.g.Iexplained to her that all yard sales, like all marriages, are innately a littleridiculous, so you have to embrace them for what they are: imperfect mercenarytransactions involving largely desperate and dispirited individuals. – LosAngeles Times (Apr 29, 2017)

merchandise    商品

英文释义：commodities offeredfor sale

e.g.“To saythe least, they were very apologetic,” said Mr. Kelly, who pointedly did notask the student-athletes whether they had, in fact, attempted to steal the merchandisethey were accused of taking. – New York Times (Nov 14, 2017)

outlet    批发商店

英文释义：a place of businessfor retailing goods

e.g.Luxurygoods retailer Burberry is planning to close some stores and stop selling in outletsthatare not sufficiently upmarket. – BBC (Nov 9, 2017)

possession    拥有

英文释义：anything owned

e.g.Theauthor reflects on her favorite possessions: paintingsby the artist and fashion designer Gloria Vanderbilt. – New York Times (Nov 1,2017)

To possess something is to have it, sothings you own are possessions. In a commercial society like ours, companies playon our desire to have more possessions with relentless commercials, whilecoupons and sales entice us to pile up even more stuff. People have insurancein case they lose their possessions, but some can’t be replaced so easily, suchas family heirlooms, old photographs, autographed books, and other items thatare rare or full of meaning.

purchase   购买

英文释义：acquire by means of afinancial transaction

e.g.It’s seensuccess with the device: With $8 million in sales, the clip-on tracker is theonly activity tracker available for purchasefrom the Apple Storebesides the Apple Watch. – Slate (Nov 16, 2017)

retail    零售

英文释义：the selling of goodsto consumers

e.g.TheKohl’s retailchain says it plans to open at 5 p.m. on Thanksgiving, an hourearlier than last year. – Seattle Times (Nov 2, 2017)

endorse   认可；赞同

英文释义：give support or one’sapproval to

e.g.With menfrom popular reality TV shows like Geordie Shore and Made in Chelsea endorsingcosmetics, and beauty bloggers and brands championing the trend, malemake-up is in the limelight. – BBC (Nov 17, 2017)

To endorse someone or something is to givepublic support. You hear about endorsing a lot during elections, as famouspeople and other politicians will give endorsements of candidates. In thecommercial world, endorsements are a little different: celebrities who docommercials for a product are endorsing it. Since they get paid for theseendorsements, you might want to give some thought to whether the endorseractually knows anything about what they’re endorsing.