【PTE词汇】口语，写作，日常生活都必备！“寒冷的”各种表达

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arctic   极寒的

英文释义：extremely cold

e.g.Charlie wasn’t waiting by the door, and I was shocked by a blast of arctic air when I walked outside in nothing but shorts and a tank top. – We Are the Ants

The Arctic Circle, which contains the North Pole, is the northern most part of the planet, and (along with the South Pole) is the most consistently cold region, much like tropical areas are the hottest. So if you hear your local meteorologist saying, “Arctic temperatures are on the way,” you’d better wear six layers of clothes, whippersnappers.

 

blizzard    暴风雪

英文释义：a storm with widespread snowfall accompanied by strong winds

e.g.If you live in New York, for example, you should prepare for blizzards,hurricanes and extreme heat, but you probably don’t need to spend too much time fretting about earthquakes. – New York Times (Sep 29, 2017)

The original meaning of blizzard, in the early 1800s, referred to a sharp blow of some kind, like a powerful punch froma skilled boxer. That violent sense fits with the winter-related meaning. By the mid-1800s, the word applied to snowstorms that combined heavy snow and powerful winds, leaving everyone in the blizzard’s path blind and buried. A much lighter bout of snowfall is called a flurry.

 

bracing    令人振奋的

英文释义：refreshing or invigorating

e.g.However, on Saturday he seemed rejuvenated by the bracing English seaside air. – Reuters(Jul 1, 2017)

 

brutal   残忍的

英文释义：harsh

e.g.Fascinated by the medical challenges of overwintering in the Antarctic, where brutal weather isolates teams from civilisation for up to nine months, she first began appealing to Germany’s polar research institute in 1984. – BBC (Nov 9, 2017)

This word applies to many situations that are not, as they say, a picnic in the park. A government described as a brutal regime is violent and repressive. In mixed martial arts, a brutal fight leave some fighter—or both—beaten to a pulp. When it comes to weather, brutalism involves weather extremes. You could describe a 100-degree day as brutal, butit’s more common to describe severe winter weather this way: rapidly falling snow, icy streets, and gusting winds are all brutal.

 

chilly   寒冷的

英文释义：appreciably or disagreeably cold

e.g.The Packers are getting their running game in gear, just in time for December’s chilly weather.- Washington Times (Dec 7, 2017)

Anything colder than forty degrees Fahrenheit can easily be considered chilly, depending on the thickness of your coat or the machoness of your temperament. A related term is wind chill: the temperature it actually feels like when you factor in the chilling effect ofthe wind. This is another cold word that’s often applied to people and situations. If two friends have had a falling out, you could say their relationship is chilly.

 

crisp    新鲜的

英文释义：pleasantly cold and invigorating

e.g.To enjoy the crisp, fresh air and the companionship of a friend, nothing beats a walk! – Washington Post (Nov 28, 2017)

This word usually applies to foods that are thin and dry and crack easily: think of the sharp crunch when you break or bite into a cracker. But we sometimes describe bitterly cold days as crisp too:especially a day with a high wind chill. On days with 30 or 40 mile per hour winds, just walking to the corner can feel like you’re getting stabbed with icicles repeatedly, and no coat or suit of armor can keep you warm. Crisp weather is also called brisk.

 

frigid   寒冷的

英文释义：extremely cold

e.g.Willey says one wall of the barn was not finished, allowing frigid air to whip through. – SeattleTimes (Dec 14, 2017)

 

frostbite    冻伤

英文释义：damage to bodily tissue caused by extreme cold

e.g.He was still shivering and unable to speak, and his feet were swollen from frostbite. – The Guardian (Mar 23, 2017)

 

gelid     极寒的 

英文释义：extremely cold

e.g.It was asunny, gelid afternoon just after Christmas. – The New Yorker (Feb 19,2017)

 

glacial    冰冷的

英文释义：extremely cold

e.g.It doesn’t help that the lags between courses are glacial and some of the dishes aretepid. – Washington Post (Apr 24, 2017)

Glacial has a few meanings related toglaciers, which are humongous masses of ice and snow much larger than icebergs.Anything that moves slowly is going at a glacial pace. An older person using awalker is probably moving glacially, though it would be rude to say so. Legaland legislative processes tend to move at a glacial pace too. The other meaning comes from the temperature of glaciers: glacial temperatures are extremelycold.

 

hibernate    冬眠

英文释义：sleep during winter

e.g.Other ssay: “Hello, I like to hibernate from November to March.Yes, I am in my pyjamas at 1pm on a Wednesday, what’s your point?” – The Guardian (Dec 5, 2016)

 

hypothermia     低体温症

英文释义：subnormal body temperature

e.g.One of three fishermen in the boat swam to shore and was taken to Red Lake Indian Health Service hospital to be treated for hypothermia. – SeattleTimes (Nov 7, 2017)

 

icicle    冰柱

英文释义：ice resembling apendent spear formed by dripping water

e.g.By now,Taisin recognized parts of the fortress—the long, sloping corridor; the cavernous ceiling hung with icicles sharp as swords; the endless ranks of golden cages. – Huntress

 

nip   （寒冷）刺骨

英文释义：the property of being moderately cold

e.g.A nip in the air doesn’t dissuade some of us from enjoying the exterior, warmed by tall heat lamps and romanticized with mesmerizing fire pits. – Washington Post (Oct30, 2017)

 

polar    两极的

英文释义：extremely cold

e.g.Forecasters say the weather is caused by a polar air mass that originate dover northern Canada. – Seattle Times (Jan 12, 2017)

 

shiver    颤抖

英文释义：shake, as from cold

e.g.Buried under three blankets on the couch, I was still shivering.- New York Times (Dec 15, 2017)

 

squall    狂风

英文释义：sudden violent winds,often accompanied by precipitation

e.g.In Washington, flurries and squalls produced modest accumulations. – Washington Post (Jan 7, 2017)

This word sounds like the kind of sudden squawk an alarmed bird might make, but there’s no feathers to be found: a squall is really a powerful blast of wind. In the winter, squalls—which are similar to gusts, but gustier—can turn a cold day into a frigid, polar, glacial day. Squalls can even turn a snowstorm into a blizzard. The origin of this term isn’t known for sure, but an older sense involved a piercing scream.

  

vortex   旋涡

英文释义：a powerful circular current of water

e.g.During the January 2014 polar vortex, coal pilesfroze outside generation facilities, while frozen pipes, valves and other equipment contributed to power failures. – Washington Post (Dec 8, 2017)

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